France
Rouen
Hybrid — docks + virtual stations
8
Cities currently operating
Cities currently operating
12,460
Bikes in active service
Bikes in active service
10,7M
Rides since launch
Rides since launch
4
Countries
Countries
The challenge
Capital-wide mechanical system, one of the highest rotation rates per bike in Europe. The tender called for a service that would fit local topography, weather, and ridership patterns — not a catalogue product dropped on the map.
Elevation and wind
Dock-based system
Harsh winters
Sub-zero operations required
Three authorities, one UX
Unified app, billing, and fleet balancing
The strategy
We selected a 100% virtual-station architecture to avoid costly civil works across three municipalities, and paired it with physical totems and racks at high-traffic nodes to keep the system legible to first-time users.
We believe in transparency: you have the right to know exactly how your data is used, and to control it.
4,000 of 5,300 bikes are electric, prioritised on routes with elevation over 20m. Winter operations are sub-contracted to a local partner with a proven Baltic track record.
Rebalancing data
The most operationally significant finding was around elevation-aware deployment. Our predictive model, trained on the first six months of GPS trip data, correctly identified the Chetre–Waasaz corridor as a net-downhill commuter flow in the morning and net-uphill in the evening. We now pre-position 18% more e-bikes at the coastal end of this corridor at 07:00, reducing redistribution runs by 3.4 per day.
Battery degradation in the Baltic winter was our second concern. At -12°C, PBSC cells lose approximately 22% of nominal range. We compensate by lowering the minimum deployment threshold from 40% to 30% battery state, and by positioning the depot van routes to prioritise sub-35% bikes before 06:30. Fleet uptime in December 2024 was 97.2% — above contract SLA.
Results
+18%
Cycling modal share
vs. pre-launch baseline
2.3M
Car trips replaced
first 18 months
99.4%
Fleet uptime
2025 avg.
6.1
Rides per bike/day
peak season
*Monthly mechanical fleet rides vs electric fleet average from 2022 to 2026.
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